When it comes to water as a heat source for heat pumps, it refers to the thermal energy of surface (stream, river, canal, lake, sea), underground or wastewater. It comes from solar energy or various processes (in the case of groundwater). The basic importance of water as a heat source is a relatively constant temperature throughout the year.
Water is pumped from a single well (suction), aqueous surface or watercourse, and through the other (imprinting or returning) it returns to underground layers, aqueous surface or watercourse.
Also in the case of surface water, the system can be implemented as the energy of a country where collectors are placed on the bottom (lakes, rivers, and sea).
In the heat pump system that exploits water, a very high energy efficiency coefficient is obtained. In Serbia the groundwater temperature throughout the year ranges from +10°C to +15°C, making this system more suitable for exploitation in our region.
The heat pump does not change the physical, chemical and bacterial characteristics of groundwater! In winter, the heat pump takes energy from the ground water (the water temperature of the pressure well is 4-6 degrees lower than the water temperature of the suction well), and the years give energy to the ground water (the water temperature of the pressure well is 4-6 degrees higher than the water temperature of the suction well ). The annual energy balance of the heat pump in relation to groundwater is equal to zero (how much it takes in winter, so many flights return).
Groundwater as a source of energy (characteristics)
- Minimum temperature oscillations during the year.
- Can be used both for the heating and cooling of the building, as well as for the preparation of hot water in the facility (boilers, heating of pool water and so on)
- The system allows passive cooling of the facility (free-cooling)
